commit 58d0f44e0395fe37b3575da35992b3d3e7f262d7
parent a5163d08135b81b271b1d7ba36b24e342b57961f
Author: Laslo Hunhold <dev@frign.de>
Date:   Sat, 22 Aug 2020 23:20:00 +0200
Refactor http_send_response() into http_prepare_response()
The function http_send_response() did too much. It not only took
the request fields and built them together into a response, it
delegated too little and many functions were "hacked" into it, for
instance shady directory-changes for vhosts and hand-construction
of response structs.
The preparations for a rework were already made in previous commits,
including a tighter focus on the response-struct itself. Instead of
doing everything locally in the http_send_response() function, the
new http_prepare_response() only really takes the request-struct and
builds a response-struct. The response-struct is expanded such that
it's possible to do the data-sending simply with the response-struct
itself and not any other magic parameters that just drop out of the
function.
Another matter are the http_send_status()-calls. Because the
aforementioned function is so central, this refactoring has included
many areas. Instead of calling http_send_status() in every error-case,
which makes little sense now given we first delegate everything through
a response struct, errors are just sent as a return value and caught
centrally (in serve() in main.c), which centralizes the error handling
a bit.
It might look a bit strange now and it might not be clear in which
direction this is going, but subsequent commits will hopefully give
clarity in this regard.
Signed-off-by: Laslo Hunhold <dev@frign.de>
Diffstat:
| M | http.c | | | 261 | ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------------- | 
| M | http.h | | | 11 | +++++------ | 
| M | main.c | | | 16 | ++++++++++++---- | 
| M | resp.c | | | 202 | +++++++++++++++++++------------------------------------------------------------ | 
| M | resp.h | | | 5 | ++--- | 
| M | util.c | | | 60 | ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ | 
| M | util.h | | | 2 | ++ | 
7 files changed, 294 insertions(+), 263 deletions(-)
diff --git a/http.c b/http.c
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ const char *res_field_str[] = {
 enum status
 http_send_header(int fd, const struct response *res)
 {
-	char t[FIELD_MAX];
+	char t[FIELD_MAX], esc[PATH_MAX];
 	size_t i;
 
 	if (timestamp(t, sizeof(t), time(NULL))) {
@@ -89,6 +89,18 @@ http_send_header(int fd, const struct response *res)
 		return S_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
 	}
 
+	/* listing header */
+	if (res->type == RESTYPE_DIRLISTING) {
+		html_escape(res->uri, esc, sizeof(esc));
+		if (dprintf(fd,
+		            "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n\t<head>"
+		            "<title>Index of %s</title></head>\n"
+		            "\t<body>\n\t\t<a href=\"..\">..</a>",
+		            esc) < 0) {
+			return S_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
+		}
+	}
+
 	return res->status;
 }
 
@@ -536,93 +548,90 @@ parse_range(const char *str, size_t size, size_t *lower, size_t *upper)
 #define RELPATH(x) ((!*(x) || !strcmp(x, "/")) ? "." : ((x) + 1))
 
 enum status
-http_send_response(int fd, const struct request *req, const struct server *s)
+http_prepare_response(const struct request *req, struct response *res,
+                      const struct server *s)
 {
 	enum status returnstatus;
 	struct in6_addr addr;
-	struct response res = { 0 };
 	struct stat st;
 	struct tm tm = { 0 };
+	struct vhost *vhost;
 	size_t len, i;
-	size_t lower, upper;
 	int hasport, ipv6host;
-	static char realtarget[PATH_MAX], tmptarget[PATH_MAX];
+	static char realuri[PATH_MAX], tmpuri[PATH_MAX];
 	char *p, *mime;
-	const char *vhostmatch, *targethost;
+	const char *targethost;
+
+	/* empty all response fields */
+	memset(res, 0, sizeof(*res));
 
-	/* make a working copy of the target */
-	memcpy(realtarget, req->target, sizeof(realtarget));
+	/* make a working copy of the URI and normalize it */
+	memcpy(realuri, req->target, sizeof(realuri));
+	if (normabspath(realuri)) {
+		return S_BAD_REQUEST;
+	}
 
 	/* match vhost */
-	vhostmatch = NULL;
+	vhost = NULL;
 	if (s->vhost) {
 		for (i = 0; i < s->vhost_len; i++) {
-			/* switch to vhost directory if there is a match */
-			if (!regexec(&(s->vhost[i].re), req->field[REQ_HOST], 0,
-			             NULL, 0)) {
-				if (chdir(s->vhost[i].dir) < 0) {
-					return http_send_status(fd, (errno == EACCES) ?
-					                        S_FORBIDDEN : S_NOT_FOUND);
-				}
-				vhostmatch = s->vhost[i].chost;
+			if (!regexec(&(s->vhost[i].re), req->field[REQ_HOST],
+			             0, NULL, 0)) {
+				/* we have a matching vhost */
+				vhost = &(s->vhost[i]);
 				break;
 			}
 		}
 		if (i == s->vhost_len) {
-			return http_send_status(fd, S_NOT_FOUND);
+			return S_NOT_FOUND;
 		}
 
-		/* if we have a vhost prefix, prepend it to the target */
-		if (s->vhost[i].prefix) {
-			if (esnprintf(tmptarget, sizeof(tmptarget), "%s%s",
-			              s->vhost[i].prefix, realtarget)) {
-				return http_send_status(fd, S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE);
-			}
-			memcpy(realtarget, tmptarget, sizeof(realtarget));
+		/* if we have a vhost prefix, prepend it to the URI */
+		if (vhost->prefix &&
+		    prepend(realuri, LEN(realuri), vhost->prefix)) {
+			return S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE;
 		}
 	}
 
 	/* apply target prefix mapping */
 	for (i = 0; i < s->map_len; i++) {
 		len = strlen(s->map[i].from);
-		if (!strncmp(realtarget, s->map[i].from, len)) {
+		if (!strncmp(realuri, s->map[i].from, len)) {
 			/* match canonical host if vhosts are enabled and
 			 * the mapping specifies a canonical host */
 			if (s->vhost && s->map[i].chost &&
-			    strcmp(s->map[i].chost, vhostmatch)) {
+			    strcmp(s->map[i].chost, vhost->chost)) {
 				continue;
 			}
 
 			/* swap out target prefix */
-			if (esnprintf(tmptarget, sizeof(tmptarget), "%s%s",
-			              s->map[i].to, realtarget + len)) {
-				return http_send_status(fd, S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE);
+			memmove(realuri, realuri + len, strlen(realuri) + 1);
+			if (prepend(realuri, LEN(realuri), s->map[i].to)) {
+				return S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE;
 			}
-			memcpy(realtarget, tmptarget, sizeof(realtarget));
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* normalize target */
-	if (normabspath(realtarget)) {
-		return http_send_status(fd, S_BAD_REQUEST);
+	/* normalize URI again, in case we introduced dirt */
+	if (normabspath(realuri)) {
+		return S_BAD_REQUEST;
 	}
 
-	/* stat the target */
-	if (stat(RELPATH(realtarget), &st) < 0) {
-		return http_send_status(fd, (errno == EACCES) ?
-		                        S_FORBIDDEN : S_NOT_FOUND);
+	/* stat the relative path derived from the URI */
+	if (stat(RELPATH(realuri), &st) < 0) {
+		return (errno == EACCES) ? S_FORBIDDEN : S_NOT_FOUND;
 	}
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-		/* add / to target if not present */
-		len = strlen(realtarget);
-		if (len >= PATH_MAX - 2) {
-			return http_send_status(fd, S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE);
+		/* append '/' to URI if not present */
+		len = strlen(realuri);
+		if (len + 1 + 1 > PATH_MAX) {
+			return S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE;
 		}
-		if (len && realtarget[len - 1] != '/') {
-			realtarget[len] = '/';
-			realtarget[len + 1] = '\0';
+		if (len > 0 && realuri[len - 1] != '/') {
+			realuri[len] = '/';
+			realuri[len + 1] = '\0';
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -630,24 +639,27 @@ http_send_response(int fd, const struct request *req, const struct server *s)
 	 * reject hidden target, except if it is a well-known URI
 	 * according to RFC 8615
 	 */
-	if (strstr(realtarget, "/.") && strncmp(realtarget,
+	if (strstr(realuri, "/.") && strncmp(realuri,
 	    "/.well-known/", sizeof("/.well-known/") - 1)) {
-		return http_send_status(fd, S_FORBIDDEN);
+		return S_FORBIDDEN;
 	}
 
-	/* redirect if targets differ, host is non-canonical or we prefixed */
-	if (strcmp(req->target, realtarget) || (s->vhost && vhostmatch &&
-	    strcmp(req->field[REQ_HOST], vhostmatch))) {
-		res.status = S_MOVED_PERMANENTLY;
+	/*
+	 * redirect if the original URI and the "real" URI differ or if
+	 * the requested host is non-canonical
+	 */
+	if (strcmp(req->target, realuri) || (s->vhost && vhost &&
+	    strcmp(req->field[REQ_HOST], vhost->chost))) {
+		res->status = S_MOVED_PERMANENTLY;
 
-		/* encode realtarget */
-		encode(realtarget, tmptarget);
+		/* encode realuri */
+		encode(realuri, tmpuri);
 
 		/* determine target location */
 		if (s->vhost) {
 			/* absolute redirection URL */
-			targethost = req->field[REQ_HOST][0] ? vhostmatch ?
-			             vhostmatch : req->field[REQ_HOST] : s->host ?
+			targethost = req->field[REQ_HOST][0] ? vhost->chost ?
+			             vhost->chost : req->field[REQ_HOST] : s->host ?
 			             s->host : "localhost";
 
 			/* do we need to add a port to the Location? */
@@ -658,53 +670,74 @@ http_send_response(int fd, const struct request *req, const struct server *s)
 			 * honor that later when we fill the "Location"-field */
 			if ((ipv6host = inet_pton(AF_INET6, targethost,
 			                          &addr)) < 0) {
-				return http_send_status(fd,
-				                        S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+				return S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
 			}
 
 			/* write location to response struct */
-			if (esnprintf(res.field[RES_LOCATION],
-			              sizeof(res.field[RES_LOCATION]),
+			if (esnprintf(res->field[RES_LOCATION],
+			              sizeof(res->field[RES_LOCATION]),
 			              "//%s%s%s%s%s%s",
 			              ipv6host ? "[" : "",
 			              targethost,
 			              ipv6host ? "]" : "", hasport ? ":" : "",
-			              hasport ? s->port : "", tmptarget)) {
-				return http_send_status(fd, S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE);
+			              hasport ? s->port : "", tmpuri)) {
+				return S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE;
 			}
 		} else {
-			/* write relative redirection URL to response struct */
-			if (esnprintf(res.field[RES_LOCATION],
-			              sizeof(res.field[RES_LOCATION]),
-			              tmptarget)) {
-				return http_send_status(fd, S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE);
+			/* write relative redirection URI to response struct */
+			if (esnprintf(res->field[RES_LOCATION],
+			              sizeof(res->field[RES_LOCATION]),
+			              "%s", tmpuri)) {
+				return S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE;
 			}
 		}
 
-		return http_send_header(fd, &res);
+		return 0;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * the URI is well-formed, we can now write the URI into
+		 * the response-URI and corresponding relative path
+		 * (optionally including the vhost servedir as a prefix)
+		 * into the actual response-path
+		 */
+		if (esnprintf(res->uri, sizeof(res->uri), "%s", req->target)) {
+			return S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE;
+		}
+		if (esnprintf(res->path, sizeof(res->path), "%s%s",
+		    vhost ? vhost->dir : "", RELPATH(req->target))) {
+			return S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-		/* append docindex to target */
-		if (esnprintf(realtarget, sizeof(realtarget), "%s%s",
+		/*
+		 * check if the directory index exists by appending it to
+		 * the URI
+		 */
+		if (esnprintf(tmpuri, sizeof(tmpuri), "%s%s",
 		              req->target, s->docindex)) {
-			return http_send_status(fd, S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE);
+			return S_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE;
 		}
 
 		/* stat the docindex, which must be a regular file */
-		if (stat(RELPATH(realtarget), &st) < 0 || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
+		if (stat(RELPATH(tmpuri), &st) < 0 || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
 			if (s->listdirs) {
-				/* remove index suffix and serve dir */
-				realtarget[strlen(realtarget) -
-				           strlen(s->docindex)] = '\0';
-				return resp_dir(fd, RELPATH(realtarget), req);
+				/* serve directory listing */
+				res->type = RESTYPE_DIRLISTING;
+				res->status = (access(res->path, R_OK)) ?
+				              S_FORBIDDEN : S_OK;
+
+				if (esnprintf(res->field[RES_CONTENT_TYPE],
+				              sizeof(res->field[RES_CONTENT_TYPE]),
+					      "%s", "text/html; charset=utf-8")) {
+					return S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
+				}
+
+				return 0;
 			} else {
 				/* reject */
-				if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || errno == EACCES) {
-					return http_send_status(fd, S_FORBIDDEN);
-				} else {
-					return http_send_status(fd, S_NOT_FOUND);
-				}
+				return (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || errno == EACCES) ?
+				       S_FORBIDDEN : S_NOT_FOUND;
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -714,39 +747,39 @@ http_send_response(int fd, const struct request *req, const struct server *s)
 		/* parse field */
 		if (!strptime(req->field[REQ_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE],
 		              "%a, %d %b %Y %T GMT", &tm)) {
-			return http_send_status(fd, S_BAD_REQUEST);
+			return S_BAD_REQUEST;
 		}
 
 		/* compare with last modification date of the file */
 		if (difftime(st.st_mtim.tv_sec, timegm(&tm)) <= 0) {
-			res.status = S_NOT_MODIFIED;
-			return http_send_header(fd, &res);
+			res->status = S_NOT_MODIFIED;
+			return 0;
 		}
 	}
 
 	/* range */
-	if ((returnstatus = parse_range(req->field[REQ_RANGE],
-	                               st.st_size, &lower, &upper))) {
+	if ((returnstatus = parse_range(req->field[REQ_RANGE], st.st_size,
+	                                &(res->file.lower),
+	                                &(res->file.upper)))) {
 		if (returnstatus == S_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE) {
-			res.status = S_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE;
+			res->status = S_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE;
 
-			if (esnprintf(res.field[RES_CONTENT_RANGE],
-			              sizeof(res.field[RES_CONTENT_RANGE]),
+			if (esnprintf(res->field[RES_CONTENT_RANGE],
+			              sizeof(res->field[RES_CONTENT_RANGE]),
 			              "bytes */%zu", st.st_size)) {
-				return http_send_status(fd,
-				                        S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+				return S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
 			}
 
-			return http_send_header(fd, &res);
+			return 0;
 		} else {
-			return http_send_status(fd, returnstatus);
+			return returnstatus;
 		}
 	}
 
 	/* mime */
 	mime = "application/octet-stream";
-	if ((p = strrchr(realtarget, '.'))) {
-		for (i = 0; i < sizeof(mimes) / sizeof(*mimes); i++) {
+	if ((p = strrchr(realuri, '.'))) {
+		for (i = 0; i < LEN(mimes); i++) {
 			if (!strcmp(mimes[i].ext, p + 1)) {
 				mime = mimes[i].type;
 				break;
@@ -754,5 +787,43 @@ http_send_response(int fd, const struct request *req, const struct server *s)
 		}
 	}
 
-	return resp_file(fd, RELPATH(realtarget), req, &st, mime, lower, upper);
+	/* fill response struct */
+	res->type = RESTYPE_FILE;
+
+	/* check if file is readable */
+	res->status = (access(res->path, R_OK)) ? S_FORBIDDEN :
+	              (req->field[REQ_RANGE][0] != '\0') ?
+	              S_PARTIAL_CONTENT : S_OK;
+
+	if (esnprintf(res->field[RES_ACCEPT_RANGES],
+	              sizeof(res->field[RES_ACCEPT_RANGES]),
+		      "%s", "bytes")) {
+		return S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	if (esnprintf(res->field[RES_CONTENT_LENGTH],
+	              sizeof(res->field[RES_CONTENT_LENGTH]),
+	              "%zu", res->file.upper - res->file.lower + 1)) {
+		return S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
+	}
+	if (req->field[REQ_RANGE][0] != '\0') {
+		if (esnprintf(res->field[RES_CONTENT_RANGE],
+		              sizeof(res->field[RES_CONTENT_RANGE]),
+		              "bytes %zd-%zd/%zu", res->file.lower,
+			      res->file.upper, st.st_size)) {
+			return S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
+		}
+	}
+	if (esnprintf(res->field[RES_CONTENT_TYPE],
+	              sizeof(res->field[RES_CONTENT_TYPE]),
+	              "%s", mime)) {
+		return S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
+	}
+	if (timestamp(res->field[RES_LAST_MODIFIED],
+	              sizeof(res->field[RES_LAST_MODIFIED]),
+	              st.st_mtim.tv_sec)) {
+		return S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/http.h b/http.h
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 #define HTTP_H
 
 #include <limits.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
 
 #include "util.h"
 
@@ -67,8 +66,9 @@ enum res_field {
 extern const char *res_field_str[];
 
 enum res_type {
+	RESTYPE_ERROR,
 	RESTYPE_FILE,
-	RESTYPE_DIR,
+	RESTYPE_DIRLISTING,
 	NUM_RES_TYPES,
 };
 
@@ -76,10 +76,9 @@ struct response {
 	enum res_type type;
 	enum status status;
 	char field[NUM_RES_FIELDS][FIELD_MAX];
+	char uri[PATH_MAX];
 	char path[PATH_MAX];
-	struct stat st;
 	struct {
-		char *mime;
 		size_t lower;
 		size_t upper;
 	} file;
@@ -106,7 +105,7 @@ enum status http_send_header(int, const struct response *);
 enum status http_send_status(int, enum status);
 enum status http_recv_header(int, char *, size_t, size_t *);
 enum status http_parse_header(const char *, struct request *);
-enum status http_send_response(int fd, const struct request *,
-                               const struct server *);
+enum status http_prepare_response(const struct request *, struct response *,
+                                  const struct server *);
 
 #endif /* HTTP_H */
diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #include <time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
+#include "resp.h"
 #include "http.h"
 #include "sock.h"
 #include "util.h"
@@ -37,12 +38,19 @@ serve(int infd, const struct sockaddr_storage *in_sa, const struct server *s)
 	}
 
 	/* handle request */
-	if ((status = http_recv_header(c.fd, c.header, LEN(c.header), &c.off))) {
-		status = http_send_status(c.fd, status);
-	} else if ((status = http_parse_header(c.header, &c.req))) {
+	if ((status = http_recv_header(c.fd, c.header, LEN(c.header), &c.off)) ||
+	    (status = http_parse_header(c.header, &c.req)) ||
+	    (status = http_prepare_response(&c.req, &c.res, s))) {
 		status = http_send_status(c.fd, status);
 	} else {
-		status = http_send_response(c.fd, &c.req, s);
+		status = http_send_header(c.fd, &c.res);
+
+		/* send data */
+		if (c.res.type == RESTYPE_FILE) {
+			resp_file(c.fd, &c.res);
+		} else if (c.res.type == RESTYPE_DIRLISTING) {
+			resp_dir(c.fd, &c.res);
+		}
 	}
 
 	/* write output to log */
diff --git a/resp.c b/resp.c
@@ -38,202 +38,94 @@ suffix(int t)
 	return "";
 }
 
-static void
-html_escape(const char *src, char *dst, size_t dst_siz)
-{
-	const struct {
-		char c;
-		char *s;
-	} escape[] = {
-		{ '&',  "&"  },
-		{ '<',  "<"   },
-		{ '>',  ">"   },
-		{ '"',  """ },
-		{ '\'', "'" },
-	};
-	size_t i, j, k, esclen;
-
-	for (i = 0, j = 0; src[i] != '\0'; i++) {
-		for (k = 0; k < LEN(escape); k++) {
-			if (src[i] == escape[k].c) {
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-		if (k == LEN(escape)) {
-			/* no escape char at src[i] */
-			if (j == dst_siz - 1) {
-				/* silent truncation */
-				break;
-			} else {
-				dst[j++] = src[i];
-			}
-		} else {
-			/* escape char at src[i] */
-			esclen = strlen(escape[k].s);
-
-			if (j >= dst_siz - esclen) {
-				/* silent truncation */
-				break;
-			} else {
-				memcpy(&dst[j], escape[k].s, esclen);
-				j += esclen;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	dst[j] = '\0';
-}
-
 enum status
-resp_dir(int fd, const char *name, const struct request *req)
+resp_dir(int fd, const struct response *res)
 {
-	enum status sendstatus;
+	enum status ret;
 	struct dirent **e;
-	struct response res = {
-		.status                  = S_OK,
-		.field[RES_CONTENT_TYPE] = "text/html; charset=utf-8",
-	};
 	size_t i;
 	int dirlen;
 	char esc[PATH_MAX /* > NAME_MAX */ * 6]; /* strlen("&...;") <= 6 */
 
 	/* read directory */
-	if ((dirlen = scandir(name, &e, NULL, compareent)) < 0) {
-		return http_send_status(fd, S_FORBIDDEN);
+	if ((dirlen = scandir(res->path, &e, NULL, compareent)) < 0) {
+		return S_FORBIDDEN;
 	}
 
-	/* send header as late as possible */
-	if ((sendstatus = http_send_header(fd, &res)) != res.status) {
-		res.status = sendstatus;
-		goto cleanup;
-	}
-
-	if (req->method == M_GET) {
-		/* listing header */
-		html_escape(name, esc, sizeof(esc));
-		if (dprintf(fd,
-		            "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n\t<head>"
-		            "<title>Index of %s</title></head>\n"
-		            "\t<body>\n\t\t<a href=\"..\">..</a>",
-		            esc) < 0) {
-			res.status = S_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
-			goto cleanup;
-		}
-
-		/* listing */
-		for (i = 0; i < (size_t)dirlen; i++) {
-			/* skip hidden files, "." and ".." */
-			if (e[i]->d_name[0] == '.') {
-				continue;
-			}
-
-			/* entry line */
-			html_escape(e[i]->d_name, esc, sizeof(esc));
-			if (dprintf(fd, "<br />\n\t\t<a href=\"%s%s\">%s%s</a>",
-			            esc,
-			            (e[i]->d_type == DT_DIR) ? "/" : "",
-			            esc,
-			            suffix(e[i]->d_type)) < 0) {
-				res.status = S_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
-				goto cleanup;
-			}
+	/* listing */
+	for (i = 0; i < (size_t)dirlen; i++) {
+		/* skip hidden files, "." and ".." */
+		if (e[i]->d_name[0] == '.') {
+			continue;
 		}
 
-		/* listing footer */
-		if (dprintf(fd, "\n\t</body>\n</html>\n") < 0) {
-			res.status = S_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
+		/* entry line */
+		html_escape(e[i]->d_name, esc, sizeof(esc));
+		if (dprintf(fd, "<br />\n\t\t<a href=\"%s%s\">%s%s</a>",
+		            esc,
+		            (e[i]->d_type == DT_DIR) ? "/" : "",
+		            esc,
+		            suffix(e[i]->d_type)) < 0) {
+			ret = S_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
 	}
 
+	/* listing footer */
+	if (dprintf(fd, "\n\t</body>\n</html>\n") < 0) {
+		ret = S_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
 cleanup:
 	while (dirlen--) {
 		free(e[dirlen]);
 	}
 	free(e);
 
-	return res.status;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 enum status
-resp_file(int fd, const char *name, const struct request *req,
-          const struct stat *st, const char *mime, size_t lower,
-          size_t upper)
+resp_file(int fd, const struct response *res)
 {
 	FILE *fp;
-	enum status sendstatus;
-	struct response res = {
-		.status = (req->field[REQ_RANGE][0] != '\0') ?
-		          S_PARTIAL_CONTENT : S_OK,
-		.field[RES_ACCEPT_RANGES] = "bytes",
-	};
+	enum status ret = 0;
 	ssize_t bread, bwritten;
 	size_t remaining;
 	static char buf[BUFSIZ], *p;
 
 	/* open file */
-	if (!(fp = fopen(name, "r"))) {
-		res.status = http_send_status(fd, S_FORBIDDEN);
+	if (!(fp = fopen(res->path, "r"))) {
+		ret = S_FORBIDDEN;
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
 	/* seek to lower bound */
-	if (fseek(fp, lower, SEEK_SET)) {
-		res.status = http_send_status(fd, S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+	if (fseek(fp, res->file.lower, SEEK_SET)) {
+		ret = S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
-	/* build header */
-	if (esnprintf(res.field[RES_CONTENT_LENGTH],
-	              sizeof(res.field[RES_CONTENT_LENGTH]),
-	              "%zu", upper - lower + 1)) {
-		return http_send_status(fd, S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
-	}
-	if (req->field[REQ_RANGE][0] != '\0') {
-		if (esnprintf(res.field[RES_CONTENT_RANGE],
-		              sizeof(res.field[RES_CONTENT_RANGE]),
-		              "bytes %zd-%zd/%zu", lower, upper,
-			      st->st_size)) {
-			return http_send_status(fd, S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
-		}
-	}
-	if (esnprintf(res.field[RES_CONTENT_TYPE],
-	              sizeof(res.field[RES_CONTENT_TYPE]),
-	              "%s", mime)) {
-		return http_send_status(fd, S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
-	}
-	if (timestamp(res.field[RES_LAST_MODIFIED],
-	              sizeof(res.field[RES_LAST_MODIFIED]),
-	              st->st_mtim.tv_sec)) {
-		return http_send_status(fd, S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
-	}
-
-	/* send header as late as possible */
-	if ((sendstatus = http_send_header(fd, &res)) != res.status) {
-		res.status = sendstatus;
-		goto cleanup;
-	}
+	/* write data until upper bound is hit */
+	remaining = res->file.upper - res->file.lower + 1;
 
-	if (req->method == M_GET) {
-		/* write data until upper bound is hit */
-		remaining = upper - lower + 1;
-
-		while ((bread = fread(buf, 1, MIN(sizeof(buf),
-		                      remaining), fp))) {
-			if (bread < 0) {
-				res.status = S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
+	while ((bread = fread(buf, 1, MIN(sizeof(buf),
+	                      remaining), fp))) {
+		if (bread < 0) {
+			ret = S_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+		remaining -= bread;
+		p = buf;
+		while (bread > 0) {
+			bwritten = write(fd, p, bread);
+			if (bwritten <= 0) {
+				ret = S_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
 				goto cleanup;
 			}
-			remaining -= bread;
-			p = buf;
-			while (bread > 0) {
-				bwritten = write(fd, p, bread);
-				if (bwritten <= 0) {
-					res.status = S_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
-					goto cleanup;
-				}
-				bread -= bwritten;
-				p += bwritten;
-			}
+			bread -= bwritten;
+			p += bwritten;
 		}
 	}
 cleanup:
@@ -241,5 +133,5 @@ cleanup:
 		fclose(fp);
 	}
 
-	return res.status;
+	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/resp.h b/resp.h
@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "http.h"
 
-enum status resp_dir(int, const char *, const struct request *);
-enum status resp_file(int, const char *, const struct request *,
-                      const struct stat *, const char *, size_t, size_t);
+enum status resp_dir(int, const struct response *);
+enum status resp_file(int, const struct response *);
 
 #endif /* RESP_H */
diff --git a/util.c b/util.c
@@ -108,6 +108,66 @@ esnprintf(char *str, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
 	return (ret < 0 || (size_t)ret >= size);
 }
 
+int
+prepend(char *str, size_t size, const char *prefix)
+{
+	size_t len = strlen(str), prefixlen = strlen(prefix);
+
+	if (len + prefixlen + 1 > size) {
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	memmove(str + prefixlen, str, len + 1);
+	memcpy(str, prefix, prefixlen);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void
+html_escape(const char *src, char *dst, size_t dst_siz)
+{
+	const struct {
+		char c;
+		char *s;
+	} escape[] = {
+		{ '&',  "&"  },
+		{ '<',  "<"   },
+		{ '>',  ">"   },
+		{ '"',  """ },
+		{ '\'', "'" },
+	};
+	size_t i, j, k, esclen;
+
+	for (i = 0, j = 0; src[i] != '\0'; i++) {
+		for (k = 0; k < LEN(escape); k++) {
+			if (src[i] == escape[k].c) {
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (k == LEN(escape)) {
+			/* no escape char at src[i] */
+			if (j == dst_siz - 1) {
+				/* silent truncation */
+				break;
+			} else {
+				dst[j++] = src[i];
+			}
+		} else {
+			/* escape char at src[i] */
+			esclen = strlen(escape[k].s);
+
+			if (j >= dst_siz - esclen) {
+				/* silent truncation */
+				break;
+			} else {
+				memcpy(&dst[j], escape[k].s, esclen);
+				j += esclen;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	dst[j] = '\0';
+}
+
 #define	INVALID  1
 #define	TOOSMALL 2
 #define	TOOLARGE 3
diff --git a/util.h b/util.h
@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ void eunveil(const char *, const char *);
 
 int timestamp(char *, size_t, time_t);
 int esnprintf(char *, size_t, const char *, ...);
+int prepend(char *, size_t, const char *);
+void html_escape(const char *, char *, size_t);
 
 void *reallocarray(void *, size_t, size_t);
 long long strtonum(const char *, long long, long long, const char **);