dwm.c - dwm - dynamic window manager

dwm.c (53320B)
      1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
      2  *
      3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
      4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
      5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
      6  * events about window (dis-)appearance. Only one X connection at a time is
      7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
      8  *
      9  * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
     10  * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
     11  * in O(1) time.
     12  *
     13  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
     14  * set the override_redirect flag. Clients are organized in a linked client
     15  * list on each monitor, the focus history is remembered through a stack list
     16  * on each monitor. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
     17  * client.
     18  *
     19  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
     20  *
     21  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
     22  */
     23 #include <errno.h>
     24 #include <locale.h>
     25 #include <signal.h>
     26 #include <stdarg.h>
     27 #include <stdio.h>
     28 #include <stdlib.h>
     29 #include <string.h>
     30 #include <unistd.h>
     31 #include <sys/types.h>
     32 #include <sys/wait.h>
     33 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
     34 #include <X11/keysym.h>
     35 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
     36 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
     37 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
     38 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
     39 #ifdef XINERAMA
     40 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
     41 #endif /* XINERAMA */
     42 #include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
     43 
     44 #include "drw.h"
     45 #include "util.h"
     46 
     47 /* macros */
     48 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
     49 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask) & (ShiftMask|ControlMask|Mod1Mask|Mod2Mask|Mod3Mask|Mod4Mask|Mod5Mask))
     50 #define INTERSECT(x,y,w,h,m)    (MAX(0, MIN((x)+(w),(m)->wx+(m)->ww) - MAX((x),(m)->wx)) \
     51                                * MAX(0, MIN((y)+(h),(m)->wy+(m)->wh) - MAX((y),(m)->wy)))
     52 #define ISVISIBLE(C)            ((C->tags & C->mon->tagset[C->mon->seltags]))
     53 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
     54 #define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw)
     55 #define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw)
     56 #define TAGMASK                 ((1 << LENGTH(tags)) - 1)
     57 #define TEXTW(X)                (drw_fontset_getwidth(drw, (X)) + lrpad)
     58 
     59 /* enums */
     60 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast }; /* cursor */
     61 enum { SchemeNorm, SchemeSel }; /* color schemes */
     62 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetWMState, NetWMCheck,
     63        NetWMFullscreen, NetActiveWindow, NetWMWindowType,
     64        NetWMWindowTypeDialog, NetClientList, NetLast }; /* EWMH atoms */
     65 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMTakeFocus, WMLast }; /* default atoms */
     66 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
     67        ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast }; /* clicks */
     68 
     69 typedef union {
     70 	int i;
     71 	unsigned int ui;
     72 	float f;
     73 	const void *v;
     74 } Arg;
     75 
     76 typedef struct {
     77 	unsigned int click;
     78 	unsigned int mask;
     79 	unsigned int button;
     80 	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
     81 	const Arg arg;
     82 } Button;
     83 
     84 typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
     85 typedef struct Client Client;
     86 struct Client {
     87 	char name[256];
     88 	float mina, maxa;
     89 	int x, y, w, h;
     90 	int oldx, oldy, oldw, oldh;
     91 	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh, hintsvalid;
     92 	int bw, oldbw;
     93 	unsigned int tags;
     94 	int isfixed, isfloating, isurgent, neverfocus, oldstate, isfullscreen;
     95 	Client *next;
     96 	Client *snext;
     97 	Monitor *mon;
     98 	Window win;
     99 };
    100 
    101 typedef struct {
    102 	unsigned int mod;
    103 	KeySym keysym;
    104 	void (*func)(const Arg *);
    105 	const Arg arg;
    106 } Key;
    107 
    108 typedef struct {
    109 	const char *symbol;
    110 	void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
    111 } Layout;
    112 
    113 struct Monitor {
    114 	char ltsymbol[16];
    115 	float mfact;
    116 	int nmaster;
    117 	int num;
    118 	int by;               /* bar geometry */
    119 	int mx, my, mw, mh;   /* screen size */
    120 	int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
    121 	unsigned int seltags;
    122 	unsigned int sellt;
    123 	unsigned int tagset[2];
    124 	int showbar;
    125 	int topbar;
    126 	Client *clients;
    127 	Client *sel;
    128 	Client *stack;
    129 	Monitor *next;
    130 	Window barwin;
    131 	const Layout *lt[2];
    132 };
    133 
    134 typedef struct {
    135 	const char *class;
    136 	const char *instance;
    137 	const char *title;
    138 	unsigned int tags;
    139 	int isfloating;
    140 	int monitor;
    141 } Rule;
    142 
    143 /* function declarations */
    144 static void applyrules(Client *c);
    145 static int applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, int interact);
    146 static void arrange(Monitor *m);
    147 static void arrangemon(Monitor *m);
    148 static void attach(Client *c);
    149 static void attachstack(Client *c);
    150 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
    151 static void checkotherwm(void);
    152 static void cleanup(void);
    153 static void cleanupmon(Monitor *mon);
    154 static void clientmessage(XEvent *e);
    155 static void configure(Client *c);
    156 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
    157 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
    158 static Monitor *createmon(void);
    159 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
    160 static void detach(Client *c);
    161 static void detachstack(Client *c);
    162 static Monitor *dirtomon(int dir);
    163 static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
    164 static void drawbars(void);
    165 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
    166 static void expose(XEvent *e);
    167 static void focus(Client *c);
    168 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
    169 static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
    170 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
    171 static Atom getatomprop(Client *c, Atom prop);
    172 static int getrootptr(int *x, int *y);
    173 static long getstate(Window w);
    174 static int gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
    175 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, int focused);
    176 static void grabkeys(void);
    177 static void incnmaster(const Arg *arg);
    178 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
    179 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
    180 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
    181 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
    182 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
    183 static void monocle(Monitor *m);
    184 static void motionnotify(XEvent *e);
    185 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
    186 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
    187 static void pop(Client *c);
    188 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
    189 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
    190 static Monitor *recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h);
    191 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, int interact);
    192 static void resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
    193 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
    194 static void restack(Monitor *m);
    195 static void run(void);
    196 static void scan(void);
    197 static int sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto);
    198 static void sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m);
    199 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
    200 static void setfocus(Client *c);
    201 static void setfullscreen(Client *c, int fullscreen);
    202 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
    203 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
    204 static void setup(void);
    205 static void seturgent(Client *c, int urg);
    206 static void showhide(Client *c);
    207 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
    208 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
    209 static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
    210 static void tile(Monitor *m);
    211 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
    212 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
    213 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
    214 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
    215 static void unfocus(Client *c, int setfocus);
    216 static void unmanage(Client *c, int destroyed);
    217 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
    218 static void updatebarpos(Monitor *m);
    219 static void updatebars(void);
    220 static void updateclientlist(void);
    221 static int updategeom(void);
    222 static void updatenumlockmask(void);
    223 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
    224 static void updatestatus(void);
    225 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
    226 static void updatewindowtype(Client *c);
    227 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
    228 static void view(const Arg *arg);
    229 static Client *wintoclient(Window w);
    230 static Monitor *wintomon(Window w);
    231 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
    232 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
    233 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
    234 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
    235 
    236 /* variables */
    237 static const char broken[] = "broken";
    238 static char stext[256];
    239 static int screen;
    240 static int sw, sh;           /* X display screen geometry width, height */
    241 static int bh;               /* bar height */
    242 static int lrpad;            /* sum of left and right padding for text */
    243 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
    244 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
    245 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
    246 	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
    247 	[ClientMessage] = clientmessage,
    248 	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
    249 	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
    250 	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
    251 	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
    252 	[Expose] = expose,
    253 	[FocusIn] = focusin,
    254 	[KeyPress] = keypress,
    255 	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
    256 	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
    257 	[MotionNotify] = motionnotify,
    258 	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
    259 	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
    260 };
    261 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
    262 static int running = 1;
    263 static Cur *cursor[CurLast];
    264 static Clr **scheme;
    265 static Display *dpy;
    266 static Drw *drw;
    267 static Monitor *mons, *selmon;
    268 static Window root, wmcheckwin;
    269 
    270 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
    271 #include "config.h"
    272 
    273 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
    274 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[LENGTH(tags) > 31 ? -1 : 1]; };
    275 
    276 /* function implementations */
    277 void
    278 applyrules(Client *c)
    279 {
    280 	const char *class, *instance;
    281 	unsigned int i;
    282 	const Rule *r;
    283 	Monitor *m;
    284 	XClassHint ch = { NULL, NULL };
    285 
    286 	/* rule matching */
    287 	c->isfloating = 0;
    288 	c->tags = 0;
    289 	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
    290 	class    = ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : broken;
    291 	instance = ch.res_name  ? ch.res_name  : broken;
    292 
    293 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
    294 		r = &rules[i];
    295 		if ((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
    296 		&& (!r->class || strstr(class, r->class))
    297 		&& (!r->instance || strstr(instance, r->instance)))
    298 		{
    299 			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
    300 			c->tags |= r->tags;
    301 			for (m = mons; m && m->num != r->monitor; m = m->next);
    302 			if (m)
    303 				c->mon = m;
    304 		}
    305 	}
    306 	if (ch.res_class)
    307 		XFree(ch.res_class);
    308 	if (ch.res_name)
    309 		XFree(ch.res_name);
    310 	c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags];
    311 }
    312 
    313 int
    314 applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, int interact)
    315 {
    316 	int baseismin;
    317 	Monitor *m = c->mon;
    318 
    319 	/* set minimum possible */
    320 	*w = MAX(1, *w);
    321 	*h = MAX(1, *h);
    322 	if (interact) {
    323 		if (*x > sw)
    324 			*x = sw - WIDTH(c);
    325 		if (*y > sh)
    326 			*y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
    327 		if (*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < 0)
    328 			*x = 0;
    329 		if (*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < 0)
    330 			*y = 0;
    331 	} else {
    332 		if (*x >= m->wx + m->ww)
    333 			*x = m->wx + m->ww - WIDTH(c);
    334 		if (*y >= m->wy + m->wh)
    335 			*y = m->wy + m->wh - HEIGHT(c);
    336 		if (*x + *w + 2 * c->bw <= m->wx)
    337 			*x = m->wx;
    338 		if (*y + *h + 2 * c->bw <= m->wy)
    339 			*y = m->wy;
    340 	}
    341 	if (*h < bh)
    342 		*h = bh;
    343 	if (*w < bh)
    344 		*w = bh;
    345 	if (resizehints || c->isfloating || !c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange) {
    346 		if (!c->hintsvalid)
    347 			updatesizehints(c);
    348 		/* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
    349 		baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
    350 		if (!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
    351 			*w -= c->basew;
    352 			*h -= c->baseh;
    353 		}
    354 		/* adjust for aspect limits */
    355 		if (c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
    356 			if (c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
    357 				*w = *h * c->maxa + 0.5;
    358 			else if (c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
    359 				*h = *w * c->mina + 0.5;
    360 		}
    361 		if (baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
    362 			*w -= c->basew;
    363 			*h -= c->baseh;
    364 		}
    365 		/* adjust for increment value */
    366 		if (c->incw)
    367 			*w -= *w % c->incw;
    368 		if (c->inch)
    369 			*h -= *h % c->inch;
    370 		/* restore base dimensions */
    371 		*w = MAX(*w + c->basew, c->minw);
    372 		*h = MAX(*h + c->baseh, c->minh);
    373 		if (c->maxw)
    374 			*w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
    375 		if (c->maxh)
    376 			*h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
    377 	}
    378 	return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
    379 }
    380 
    381 void
    382 arrange(Monitor *m)
    383 {
    384 	if (m)
    385 		showhide(m->stack);
    386 	else for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
    387 		showhide(m->stack);
    388 	if (m) {
    389 		arrangemon(m);
    390 		restack(m);
    391 	} else for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
    392 		arrangemon(m);
    393 }
    394 
    395 void
    396 arrangemon(Monitor *m)
    397 {
    398 	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, m->lt[m->sellt]->symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
    399 	if (m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
    400 		m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
    401 }
    402 
    403 void
    404 attach(Client *c)
    405 {
    406 	c->next = c->mon->clients;
    407 	c->mon->clients = c;
    408 }
    409 
    410 void
    411 attachstack(Client *c)
    412 {
    413 	c->snext = c->mon->stack;
    414 	c->mon->stack = c;
    415 }
    416 
    417 void
    418 buttonpress(XEvent *e)
    419 {
    420 	unsigned int i, x, click;
    421 	Arg arg = {0};
    422 	Client *c;
    423 	Monitor *m;
    424 	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
    425 
    426 	click = ClkRootWin;
    427 	/* focus monitor if necessary */
    428 	if ((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
    429 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 1);
    430 		selmon = m;
    431 		focus(NULL);
    432 	}
    433 	if (ev->window == selmon->barwin) {
    434 		i = x = 0;
    435 		do
    436 			x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
    437 		while (ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
    438 		if (i < LENGTH(tags)) {
    439 			click = ClkTagBar;
    440 			arg.ui = 1 << i;
    441 		} else if (ev->x < x + TEXTW(selmon->ltsymbol))
    442 			click = ClkLtSymbol;
    443 		else if (ev->x > selmon->ww - (int)TEXTW(stext))
    444 			click = ClkStatusText;
    445 		else
    446 			click = ClkWinTitle;
    447 	} else if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
    448 		focus(c);
    449 		restack(selmon);
    450 		XAllowEvents(dpy, ReplayPointer, CurrentTime);
    451 		click = ClkClientWin;
    452 	}
    453 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
    454 		if (click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
    455 		&& CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
    456 			buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
    457 }
    458 
    459 void
    460 checkotherwm(void)
    461 {
    462 	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
    463 	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
    464 	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
    465 	XSync(dpy, False);
    466 	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
    467 	XSync(dpy, False);
    468 }
    469 
    470 void
    471 cleanup(void)
    472 {
    473 	Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
    474 	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
    475 	Monitor *m;
    476 	size_t i;
    477 
    478 	view(&a);
    479 	selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
    480 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
    481 		while (m->stack)
    482 			unmanage(m->stack, 0);
    483 	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
    484 	while (mons)
    485 		cleanupmon(mons);
    486 	for (i = 0; i < CurLast; i++)
    487 		drw_cur_free(drw, cursor[i]);
    488 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(colors); i++)
    489 		drw_scm_free(drw, scheme[i], 3);
    490 	free(scheme);
    491 	XDestroyWindow(dpy, wmcheckwin);
    492 	drw_free(drw);
    493 	XSync(dpy, False);
    494 	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
    495 	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
    496 }
    497 
    498 void
    499 cleanupmon(Monitor *mon)
    500 {
    501 	Monitor *m;
    502 
    503 	if (mon == mons)
    504 		mons = mons->next;
    505 	else {
    506 		for (m = mons; m && m->next != mon; m = m->next);
    507 		m->next = mon->next;
    508 	}
    509 	XUnmapWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
    510 	XDestroyWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
    511 	free(mon);
    512 }
    513 
    514 void
    515 clientmessage(XEvent *e)
    516 {
    517 	XClientMessageEvent *cme = &e->xclient;
    518 	Client *c = wintoclient(cme->window);
    519 
    520 	if (!c)
    521 		return;
    522 	if (cme->message_type == netatom[NetWMState]) {
    523 		if (cme->data.l[1] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen]
    524 		|| cme->data.l[2] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
    525 			setfullscreen(c, (cme->data.l[0] == 1 /* _NET_WM_STATE_ADD    */
    526 				|| (cme->data.l[0] == 2 /* _NET_WM_STATE_TOGGLE */ && !c->isfullscreen)));
    527 	} else if (cme->message_type == netatom[NetActiveWindow]) {
    528 		if (c != selmon->sel && !c->isurgent)
    529 			seturgent(c, 1);
    530 	}
    531 }
    532 
    533 void
    534 configure(Client *c)
    535 {
    536 	XConfigureEvent ce;
    537 
    538 	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
    539 	ce.display = dpy;
    540 	ce.event = c->win;
    541 	ce.window = c->win;
    542 	ce.x = c->x;
    543 	ce.y = c->y;
    544 	ce.width = c->w;
    545 	ce.height = c->h;
    546 	ce.border_width = c->bw;
    547 	ce.above = None;
    548 	ce.override_redirect = False;
    549 	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
    550 }
    551 
    552 void
    553 configurenotify(XEvent *e)
    554 {
    555 	Monitor *m;
    556 	Client *c;
    557 	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
    558 	int dirty;
    559 
    560 	/* TODO: updategeom handling sucks, needs to be simplified */
    561 	if (ev->window == root) {
    562 		dirty = (sw != ev->width || sh != ev->height);
    563 		sw = ev->width;
    564 		sh = ev->height;
    565 		if (updategeom() || dirty) {
    566 			drw_resize(drw, sw, bh);
    567 			updatebars();
    568 			for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
    569 				for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
    570 					if (c->isfullscreen)
    571 						resizeclient(c, m->mx, m->my, m->mw, m->mh);
    572 				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, m->barwin, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh);
    573 			}
    574 			focus(NULL);
    575 			arrange(NULL);
    576 		}
    577 	}
    578 }
    579 
    580 void
    581 configurerequest(XEvent *e)
    582 {
    583 	Client *c;
    584 	Monitor *m;
    585 	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
    586 	XWindowChanges wc;
    587 
    588 	if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
    589 		if (ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
    590 			c->bw = ev->border_width;
    591 		else if (c->isfloating || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
    592 			m = c->mon;
    593 			if (ev->value_mask & CWX) {
    594 				c->oldx = c->x;
    595 				c->x = m->mx + ev->x;
    596 			}
    597 			if (ev->value_mask & CWY) {
    598 				c->oldy = c->y;
    599 				c->y = m->my + ev->y;
    600 			}
    601 			if (ev->value_mask & CWWidth) {
    602 				c->oldw = c->w;
    603 				c->w = ev->width;
    604 			}
    605 			if (ev->value_mask & CWHeight) {
    606 				c->oldh = c->h;
    607 				c->h = ev->height;
    608 			}
    609 			if ((c->x + c->w) > m->mx + m->mw && c->isfloating)
    610 				c->x = m->mx + (m->mw / 2 - WIDTH(c) / 2); /* center in x direction */
    611 			if ((c->y + c->h) > m->my + m->mh && c->isfloating)
    612 				c->y = m->my + (m->mh / 2 - HEIGHT(c) / 2); /* center in y direction */
    613 			if ((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
    614 				configure(c);
    615 			if (ISVISIBLE(c))
    616 				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
    617 		} else
    618 			configure(c);
    619 	} else {
    620 		wc.x = ev->x;
    621 		wc.y = ev->y;
    622 		wc.width = ev->width;
    623 		wc.height = ev->height;
    624 		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
    625 		wc.sibling = ev->above;
    626 		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
    627 		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
    628 	}
    629 	XSync(dpy, False);
    630 }
    631 
    632 Monitor *
    633 createmon(void)
    634 {
    635 	Monitor *m;
    636 
    637 	m = ecalloc(1, sizeof(Monitor));
    638 	m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
    639 	m->mfact = mfact;
    640 	m->nmaster = nmaster;
    641 	m->showbar = showbar;
    642 	m->topbar = topbar;
    643 	m->lt[0] = &layouts[0];
    644 	m->lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
    645 	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, layouts[0].symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
    646 	return m;
    647 }
    648 
    649 void
    650 destroynotify(XEvent *e)
    651 {
    652 	Client *c;
    653 	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
    654 
    655 	if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
    656 		unmanage(c, 1);
    657 }
    658 
    659 void
    660 detach(Client *c)
    661 {
    662 	Client **tc;
    663 
    664 	for (tc = &c->mon->clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
    665 	*tc = c->next;
    666 }
    667 
    668 void
    669 detachstack(Client *c)
    670 {
    671 	Client **tc, *t;
    672 
    673 	for (tc = &c->mon->stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
    674 	*tc = c->snext;
    675 
    676 	if (c == c->mon->sel) {
    677 		for (t = c->mon->stack; t && !ISVISIBLE(t); t = t->snext);
    678 		c->mon->sel = t;
    679 	}
    680 }
    681 
    682 Monitor *
    683 dirtomon(int dir)
    684 {
    685 	Monitor *m = NULL;
    686 
    687 	if (dir > 0) {
    688 		if (!(m = selmon->next))
    689 			m = mons;
    690 	} else if (selmon == mons)
    691 		for (m = mons; m->next; m = m->next);
    692 	else
    693 		for (m = mons; m->next != selmon; m = m->next);
    694 	return m;
    695 }
    696 
    697 void
    698 drawbar(Monitor *m)
    699 {
    700 	int x, w, tw = 0;
    701 	int boxs = drw->fonts->h / 9;
    702 	int boxw = drw->fonts->h / 6 + 2;
    703 	unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
    704 	Client *c;
    705 
    706 	if (!m->showbar)
    707 		return;
    708 
    709 	/* draw status first so it can be overdrawn by tags later */
    710 	if (m == selmon) { /* status is only drawn on selected monitor */
    711 		drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
    712 		tw = TEXTW(stext) - lrpad + 2; /* 2px right padding */
    713 		drw_text(drw, m->ww - tw, 0, tw, bh, 0, stext, 0);
    714 	}
    715 
    716 	for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
    717 		occ |= c->tags;
    718 		if (c->isurgent)
    719 			urg |= c->tags;
    720 	}
    721 	x = 0;
    722 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
    723 		w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
    724 		drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i ? SchemeSel : SchemeNorm]);
    725 		drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, lrpad / 2, tags[i], urg & 1 << i);
    726 		if (occ & 1 << i)
    727 			drw_rect(drw, x + boxs, boxs, boxw, boxw,
    728 				m == selmon && selmon->sel && selmon->sel->tags & 1 << i,
    729 				urg & 1 << i);
    730 		x += w;
    731 	}
    732 	w = TEXTW(m->ltsymbol);
    733 	drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
    734 	x = drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, lrpad / 2, m->ltsymbol, 0);
    735 
    736 	if ((w = m->ww - tw - x) > bh) {
    737 		if (m->sel) {
    738 			drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[m == selmon ? SchemeSel : SchemeNorm]);
    739 			drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, lrpad / 2, m->sel->name, 0);
    740 			if (m->sel->isfloating)
    741 				drw_rect(drw, x + boxs, boxs, boxw, boxw, m->sel->isfixed, 0);
    742 		} else {
    743 			drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
    744 			drw_rect(drw, x, 0, w, bh, 1, 1);
    745 		}
    746 	}
    747 	drw_map(drw, m->barwin, 0, 0, m->ww, bh);
    748 }
    749 
    750 void
    751 drawbars(void)
    752 {
    753 	Monitor *m;
    754 
    755 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
    756 		drawbar(m);
    757 }
    758 
    759 void
    760 enternotify(XEvent *e)
    761 {
    762 	Client *c;
    763 	Monitor *m;
    764 	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
    765 
    766 	if ((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
    767 		return;
    768 	c = wintoclient(ev->window);
    769 	m = c ? c->mon : wintomon(ev->window);
    770 	if (m != selmon) {
    771 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 1);
    772 		selmon = m;
    773 	} else if (!c || c == selmon->sel)
    774 		return;
    775 	focus(c);
    776 }
    777 
    778 void
    779 expose(XEvent *e)
    780 {
    781 	Monitor *m;
    782 	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
    783 
    784 	if (ev->count == 0 && (m = wintomon(ev->window)))
    785 		drawbar(m);
    786 }
    787 
    788 void
    789 focus(Client *c)
    790 {
    791 	if (!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
    792 		for (c = selmon->stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
    793 	if (selmon->sel && selmon->sel != c)
    794 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 0);
    795 	if (c) {
    796 		if (c->mon != selmon)
    797 			selmon = c->mon;
    798 		if (c->isurgent)
    799 			seturgent(c, 0);
    800 		detachstack(c);
    801 		attachstack(c);
    802 		grabbuttons(c, 1);
    803 		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeSel][ColBorder].pixel);
    804 		setfocus(c);
    805 	} else {
    806 		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
    807 		XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
    808 	}
    809 	selmon->sel = c;
    810 	drawbars();
    811 }
    812 
    813 /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients needing extra handling */
    814 void
    815 focusin(XEvent *e)
    816 {
    817 	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
    818 
    819 	if (selmon->sel && ev->window != selmon->sel->win)
    820 		setfocus(selmon->sel);
    821 }
    822 
    823 void
    824 focusmon(const Arg *arg)
    825 {
    826 	Monitor *m;
    827 
    828 	if (!mons->next)
    829 		return;
    830 	if ((m = dirtomon(arg->i)) == selmon)
    831 		return;
    832 	unfocus(selmon->sel, 0);
    833 	selmon = m;
    834 	focus(NULL);
    835 }
    836 
    837 void
    838 focusstack(const Arg *arg)
    839 {
    840 	Client *c = NULL, *i;
    841 
    842 	if (!selmon->sel || (selmon->sel->isfullscreen && lockfullscreen))
    843 		return;
    844 	if (arg->i > 0) {
    845 		for (c = selmon->sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
    846 		if (!c)
    847 			for (c = selmon->clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
    848 	} else {
    849 		for (i = selmon->clients; i != selmon->sel; i = i->next)
    850 			if (ISVISIBLE(i))
    851 				c = i;
    852 		if (!c)
    853 			for (; i; i = i->next)
    854 				if (ISVISIBLE(i))
    855 					c = i;
    856 	}
    857 	if (c) {
    858 		focus(c);
    859 		restack(selmon);
    860 	}
    861 }
    862 
    863 Atom
    864 getatomprop(Client *c, Atom prop)
    865 {
    866 	int format;
    867 	unsigned long nitems, dl;
    868 	unsigned char *p = NULL;
    869 	Atom da, atom = None;
    870 
    871 	if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, c->win, prop, 0L, sizeof atom, False, XA_ATOM,
    872 		&da, &format, &nitems, &dl, &p) == Success && p) {
    873 		if (nitems > 0 && format == 32)
    874 			atom = *(long *)p;
    875 		XFree(p);
    876 	}
    877 	return atom;
    878 }
    879 
    880 int
    881 getrootptr(int *x, int *y)
    882 {
    883 	int di;
    884 	unsigned int dui;
    885 	Window dummy;
    886 
    887 	return XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, x, y, &di, &di, &dui);
    888 }
    889 
    890 long
    891 getstate(Window w)
    892 {
    893 	int format;
    894 	long result = -1;
    895 	unsigned char *p = NULL;
    896 	unsigned long n, extra;
    897 	Atom real;
    898 
    899 	if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
    900 		&real, &format, &n, &extra, &p) != Success)
    901 		return -1;
    902 	if (n != 0 && format == 32)
    903 		result = *(long *)p;
    904 	XFree(p);
    905 	return result;
    906 }
    907 
    908 int
    909 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size)
    910 {
    911 	char **list = NULL;
    912 	int n;
    913 	XTextProperty name;
    914 
    915 	if (!text || size == 0)
    916 		return 0;
    917 	text[0] = '\0';
    918 	if (!XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom) || !name.nitems)
    919 		return 0;
    920 	if (name.encoding == XA_STRING) {
    921 		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
    922 	} else if (XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success && n > 0 && *list) {
    923 		strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
    924 		XFreeStringList(list);
    925 	}
    926 	text[size - 1] = '\0';
    927 	XFree(name.value);
    928 	return 1;
    929 }
    930 
    931 void
    932 grabbuttons(Client *c, int focused)
    933 {
    934 	updatenumlockmask();
    935 	{
    936 		unsigned int i, j;
    937 		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
    938 		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
    939 		if (!focused)
    940 			XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
    941 				BUTTONMASK, GrabModeSync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
    942 		for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
    943 			if (buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
    944 				for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
    945 					XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
    946 						buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
    947 						c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
    948 						GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
    949 	}
    950 }
    951 
    952 void
    953 grabkeys(void)
    954 {
    955 	updatenumlockmask();
    956 	{
    957 		unsigned int i, j, k;
    958 		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
    959 		int start, end, skip;
    960 		KeySym *syms;
    961 
    962 		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
    963 		XDisplayKeycodes(dpy, &start, &end);
    964 		syms = XGetKeyboardMapping(dpy, start, end - start + 1, &skip);
    965 		if (!syms)
    966 			return;
    967 		for (k = start; k <= end; k++)
    968 			for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
    969 				/* skip modifier codes, we do that ourselves */
    970 				if (keys[i].keysym == syms[(k - start) * skip])
    971 					for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
    972 						XGrabKey(dpy, k,
    973 							 keys[i].mod | modifiers[j],
    974 							 root, True,
    975 							 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
    976 		XFree(syms);
    977 	}
    978 }
    979 
    980 void
    981 incnmaster(const Arg *arg)
    982 {
    983 	selmon->nmaster = MAX(selmon->nmaster + arg->i, 0);
    984 	arrange(selmon);
    985 }
    986 
    987 #ifdef XINERAMA
    988 static int
    989 isuniquegeom(XineramaScreenInfo *unique, size_t n, XineramaScreenInfo *info)
    990 {
    991 	while (n--)
    992 		if (unique[n].x_org == info->x_org && unique[n].y_org == info->y_org
    993 		&& unique[n].width == info->width && unique[n].height == info->height)
    994 			return 0;
    995 	return 1;
    996 }
    997 #endif /* XINERAMA */
    998 
    999 void
   1000 keypress(XEvent *e)
   1001 {
   1002 	unsigned int i;
   1003 	KeySym keysym;
   1004 	XKeyEvent *ev;
   1005 
   1006 	ev = &e->xkey;
   1007 	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
   1008 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
   1009 		if (keysym == keys[i].keysym
   1010 		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
   1011 		&& keys[i].func)
   1012 			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
   1013 }
   1014 
   1015 void
   1016 killclient(const Arg *arg)
   1017 {
   1018 	if (!selmon->sel)
   1019 		return;
   1020 	if (!sendevent(selmon->sel, wmatom[WMDelete])) {
   1021 		XGrabServer(dpy);
   1022 		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
   1023 		XSetCloseDownMode(dpy, DestroyAll);
   1024 		XKillClient(dpy, selmon->sel->win);
   1025 		XSync(dpy, False);
   1026 		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
   1027 		XUngrabServer(dpy);
   1028 	}
   1029 }
   1030 
   1031 void
   1032 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa)
   1033 {
   1034 	Client *c, *t = NULL;
   1035 	Window trans = None;
   1036 	XWindowChanges wc;
   1037 
   1038 	c = ecalloc(1, sizeof(Client));
   1039 	c->win = w;
   1040 	/* geometry */
   1041 	c->x = c->oldx = wa->x;
   1042 	c->y = c->oldy = wa->y;
   1043 	c->w = c->oldw = wa->width;
   1044 	c->h = c->oldh = wa->height;
   1045 	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
   1046 
   1047 	updatetitle(c);
   1048 	if (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) && (t = wintoclient(trans))) {
   1049 		c->mon = t->mon;
   1050 		c->tags = t->tags;
   1051 	} else {
   1052 		c->mon = selmon;
   1053 		applyrules(c);
   1054 	}
   1055 
   1056 	if (c->x + WIDTH(c) > c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww)
   1057 		c->x = c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww - WIDTH(c);
   1058 	if (c->y + HEIGHT(c) > c->mon->wy + c->mon->wh)
   1059 		c->y = c->mon->wy + c->mon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
   1060 	c->x = MAX(c->x, c->mon->wx);
   1061 	c->y = MAX(c->y, c->mon->wy);
   1062 	c->bw = borderpx;
   1063 
   1064 	wc.border_width = c->bw;
   1065 	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
   1066 	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColBorder].pixel);
   1067 	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
   1068 	updatewindowtype(c);
   1069 	updatesizehints(c);
   1070 	updatewmhints(c);
   1071 	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
   1072 	grabbuttons(c, 0);
   1073 	if (!c->isfloating)
   1074 		c->isfloating = c->oldstate = trans != None || c->isfixed;
   1075 	if (c->isfloating)
   1076 		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
   1077 	attach(c);
   1078 	attachstack(c);
   1079 	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList], XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeAppend,
   1080 		(unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
   1081 	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
   1082 	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
   1083 	if (c->mon == selmon)
   1084 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 0);
   1085 	c->mon->sel = c;
   1086 	arrange(c->mon);
   1087 	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
   1088 	focus(NULL);
   1089 }
   1090 
   1091 void
   1092 mappingnotify(XEvent *e)
   1093 {
   1094 	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
   1095 
   1096 	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
   1097 	if (ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
   1098 		grabkeys();
   1099 }
   1100 
   1101 void
   1102 maprequest(XEvent *e)
   1103 {
   1104 	static XWindowAttributes wa;
   1105 	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
   1106 
   1107 	if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa) || wa.override_redirect)
   1108 		return;
   1109 	if (!wintoclient(ev->window))
   1110 		manage(ev->window, &wa);
   1111 }
   1112 
   1113 void
   1114 monocle(Monitor *m)
   1115 {
   1116 	unsigned int n = 0;
   1117 	Client *c;
   1118 
   1119 	for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
   1120 		if (ISVISIBLE(c))
   1121 			n++;
   1122 	if (n > 0) /* override layout symbol */
   1123 		snprintf(m->ltsymbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol, "[%d]", n);
   1124 	for (c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
   1125 		resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, 0);
   1126 }
   1127 
   1128 void
   1129 motionnotify(XEvent *e)
   1130 {
   1131 	static Monitor *mon = NULL;
   1132 	Monitor *m;
   1133 	XMotionEvent *ev = &e->xmotion;
   1134 
   1135 	if (ev->window != root)
   1136 		return;
   1137 	if ((m = recttomon(ev->x_root, ev->y_root, 1, 1)) != mon && mon) {
   1138 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 1);
   1139 		selmon = m;
   1140 		focus(NULL);
   1141 	}
   1142 	mon = m;
   1143 }
   1144 
   1145 void
   1146 movemouse(const Arg *arg)
   1147 {
   1148 	int x, y, ocx, ocy, nx, ny;
   1149 	Client *c;
   1150 	Monitor *m;
   1151 	XEvent ev;
   1152 	Time lasttime = 0;
   1153 
   1154 	if (!(c = selmon->sel))
   1155 		return;
   1156 	if (c->isfullscreen) /* no support moving fullscreen windows by mouse */
   1157 		return;
   1158 	restack(selmon);
   1159 	ocx = c->x;
   1160 	ocy = c->y;
   1161 	if (XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
   1162 		None, cursor[CurMove]->cursor, CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
   1163 		return;
   1164 	if (!getrootptr(&x, &y))
   1165 		return;
   1166 	do {
   1167 		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
   1168 		switch(ev.type) {
   1169 		case ConfigureRequest:
   1170 		case Expose:
   1171 		case MapRequest:
   1172 			handler[ev.type](&ev);
   1173 			break;
   1174 		case MotionNotify:
   1175 			if ((ev.xmotion.time - lasttime) <= (1000 / refreshrate))
   1176 				continue;
   1177 			lasttime = ev.xmotion.time;
   1178 
   1179 			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
   1180 			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
   1181 			if (abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
   1182 				nx = selmon->wx;
   1183 			else if (abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
   1184 				nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
   1185 			if (abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
   1186 				ny = selmon->wy;
   1187 			else if (abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
   1188 				ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
   1189 			if (!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
   1190 			&& (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
   1191 				togglefloating(NULL);
   1192 			if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
   1193 				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, 1);
   1194 			break;
   1195 		}
   1196 	} while (ev.type != ButtonRelease);
   1197 	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
   1198 	if ((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
   1199 		sendmon(c, m);
   1200 		selmon = m;
   1201 		focus(NULL);
   1202 	}
   1203 }
   1204 
   1205 Client *
   1206 nexttiled(Client *c)
   1207 {
   1208 	for (; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
   1209 	return c;
   1210 }
   1211 
   1212 void
   1213 pop(Client *c)
   1214 {
   1215 	detach(c);
   1216 	attach(c);
   1217 	focus(c);
   1218 	arrange(c->mon);
   1219 }
   1220 
   1221 void
   1222 propertynotify(XEvent *e)
   1223 {
   1224 	Client *c;
   1225 	Window trans;
   1226 	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
   1227 
   1228 	if ((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
   1229 		updatestatus();
   1230 	else if (ev->state == PropertyDelete)
   1231 		return; /* ignore */
   1232 	else if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
   1233 		switch(ev->atom) {
   1234 		default: break;
   1235 		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
   1236 			if (!c->isfloating && (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans)) &&
   1237 				(c->isfloating = (wintoclient(trans)) != NULL))
   1238 				arrange(c->mon);
   1239 			break;
   1240 		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
   1241 			c->hintsvalid = 0;
   1242 			break;
   1243 		case XA_WM_HINTS:
   1244 			updatewmhints(c);
   1245 			drawbars();
   1246 			break;
   1247 		}
   1248 		if (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
   1249 			updatetitle(c);
   1250 			if (c == c->mon->sel)
   1251 				drawbar(c->mon);
   1252 		}
   1253 		if (ev->atom == netatom[NetWMWindowType])
   1254 			updatewindowtype(c);
   1255 	}
   1256 }
   1257 
   1258 void
   1259 quit(const Arg *arg)
   1260 {
   1261 	running = 0;
   1262 }
   1263 
   1264 Monitor *
   1265 recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h)
   1266 {
   1267 	Monitor *m, *r = selmon;
   1268 	int a, area = 0;
   1269 
   1270 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
   1271 		if ((a = INTERSECT(x, y, w, h, m)) > area) {
   1272 			area = a;
   1273 			r = m;
   1274 		}
   1275 	return r;
   1276 }
   1277 
   1278 void
   1279 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, int interact)
   1280 {
   1281 	if (applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h, interact))
   1282 		resizeclient(c, x, y, w, h);
   1283 }
   1284 
   1285 void
   1286 resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h)
   1287 {
   1288 	XWindowChanges wc;
   1289 
   1290 	c->oldx = c->x; c->x = wc.x = x;
   1291 	c->oldy = c->y; c->y = wc.y = y;
   1292 	c->oldw = c->w; c->w = wc.width = w;
   1293 	c->oldh = c->h; c->h = wc.height = h;
   1294 	wc.border_width = c->bw;
   1295 	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
   1296 	configure(c);
   1297 	XSync(dpy, False);
   1298 }
   1299 
   1300 void
   1301 resizemouse(const Arg *arg)
   1302 {
   1303 	int ocx, ocy, nw, nh;
   1304 	Client *c;
   1305 	Monitor *m;
   1306 	XEvent ev;
   1307 	Time lasttime = 0;
   1308 
   1309 	if (!(c = selmon->sel))
   1310 		return;
   1311 	if (c->isfullscreen) /* no support resizing fullscreen windows by mouse */
   1312 		return;
   1313 	restack(selmon);
   1314 	ocx = c->x;
   1315 	ocy = c->y;
   1316 	if (XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
   1317 		None, cursor[CurResize]->cursor, CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
   1318 		return;
   1319 	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
   1320 	do {
   1321 		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
   1322 		switch(ev.type) {
   1323 		case ConfigureRequest:
   1324 		case Expose:
   1325 		case MapRequest:
   1326 			handler[ev.type](&ev);
   1327 			break;
   1328 		case MotionNotify:
   1329 			if ((ev.xmotion.time - lasttime) <= (1000 / refreshrate))
   1330 				continue;
   1331 			lasttime = ev.xmotion.time;
   1332 
   1333 			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
   1334 			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
   1335 			if (c->mon->wx + nw >= selmon->wx && c->mon->wx + nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
   1336 			&& c->mon->wy + nh >= selmon->wy && c->mon->wy + nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh)
   1337 			{
   1338 				if (!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
   1339 				&& (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
   1340 					togglefloating(NULL);
   1341 			}
   1342 			if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
   1343 				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, 1);
   1344 			break;
   1345 		}
   1346 	} while (ev.type != ButtonRelease);
   1347 	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
   1348 	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
   1349 	while (XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
   1350 	if ((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
   1351 		sendmon(c, m);
   1352 		selmon = m;
   1353 		focus(NULL);
   1354 	}
   1355 }
   1356 
   1357 void
   1358 restack(Monitor *m)
   1359 {
   1360 	Client *c;
   1361 	XEvent ev;
   1362 	XWindowChanges wc;
   1363 
   1364 	drawbar(m);
   1365 	if (!m->sel)
   1366 		return;
   1367 	if (m->sel->isfloating || !m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
   1368 		XRaiseWindow(dpy, m->sel->win);
   1369 	if (m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
   1370 		wc.stack_mode = Below;
   1371 		wc.sibling = m->barwin;
   1372 		for (c = m->stack; c; c = c->snext)
   1373 			if (!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
   1374 				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
   1375 				wc.sibling = c->win;
   1376 			}
   1377 	}
   1378 	XSync(dpy, False);
   1379 	while (XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
   1380 }
   1381 
   1382 void
   1383 run(void)
   1384 {
   1385 	XEvent ev;
   1386 	/* main event loop */
   1387 	XSync(dpy, False);
   1388 	while (running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev))
   1389 		if (handler[ev.type])
   1390 			handler[ev.type](&ev); /* call handler */
   1391 }
   1392 
   1393 void
   1394 scan(void)
   1395 {
   1396 	unsigned int i, num;
   1397 	Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
   1398 	XWindowAttributes wa;
   1399 
   1400 	if (XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
   1401 		for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
   1402 			if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
   1403 			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
   1404 				continue;
   1405 			if (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
   1406 				manage(wins[i], &wa);
   1407 		}
   1408 		for (i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
   1409 			if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
   1410 				continue;
   1411 			if (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
   1412 			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
   1413 				manage(wins[i], &wa);
   1414 		}
   1415 		if (wins)
   1416 			XFree(wins);
   1417 	}
   1418 }
   1419 
   1420 void
   1421 sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m)
   1422 {
   1423 	if (c->mon == m)
   1424 		return;
   1425 	unfocus(c, 1);
   1426 	detach(c);
   1427 	detachstack(c);
   1428 	c->mon = m;
   1429 	c->tags = m->tagset[m->seltags]; /* assign tags of target monitor */
   1430 	attach(c);
   1431 	attachstack(c);
   1432 	focus(NULL);
   1433 	arrange(NULL);
   1434 }
   1435 
   1436 void
   1437 setclientstate(Client *c, long state)
   1438 {
   1439 	long data[] = { state, None };
   1440 
   1441 	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
   1442 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
   1443 }
   1444 
   1445 int
   1446 sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto)
   1447 {
   1448 	int n;
   1449 	Atom *protocols;
   1450 	int exists = 0;
   1451 	XEvent ev;
   1452 
   1453 	if (XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
   1454 		while (!exists && n--)
   1455 			exists = protocols[n] == proto;
   1456 		XFree(protocols);
   1457 	}
   1458 	if (exists) {
   1459 		ev.type = ClientMessage;
   1460 		ev.xclient.window = c->win;
   1461 		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
   1462 		ev.xclient.format = 32;
   1463 		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = proto;
   1464 		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
   1465 		XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
   1466 	}
   1467 	return exists;
   1468 }
   1469 
   1470 void
   1471 setfocus(Client *c)
   1472 {
   1473 	if (!c->neverfocus)
   1474 		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
   1475 	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow], XA_WINDOW, 32,
   1476 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)&c->win, 1);
   1477 	sendevent(c, wmatom[WMTakeFocus]);
   1478 }
   1479 
   1480 void
   1481 setfullscreen(Client *c, int fullscreen)
   1482 {
   1483 	if (fullscreen && !c->isfullscreen) {
   1484 		XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
   1485 			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)&netatom[NetWMFullscreen], 1);
   1486 		c->isfullscreen = 1;
   1487 		c->oldstate = c->isfloating;
   1488 		c->oldbw = c->bw;
   1489 		c->bw = 0;
   1490 		c->isfloating = 1;
   1491 		resizeclient(c, c->mon->mx, c->mon->my, c->mon->mw, c->mon->mh);
   1492 		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
   1493 	} else if (!fullscreen && c->isfullscreen){
   1494 		XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
   1495 			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)0, 0);
   1496 		c->isfullscreen = 0;
   1497 		c->isfloating = c->oldstate;
   1498 		c->bw = c->oldbw;
   1499 		c->x = c->oldx;
   1500 		c->y = c->oldy;
   1501 		c->w = c->oldw;
   1502 		c->h = c->oldh;
   1503 		resizeclient(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
   1504 		arrange(c->mon);
   1505 	}
   1506 }
   1507 
   1508 void
   1509 setlayout(const Arg *arg)
   1510 {
   1511 	if (!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt])
   1512 		selmon->sellt ^= 1;
   1513 	if (arg && arg->v)
   1514 		selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
   1515 	strncpy(selmon->ltsymbol, selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->symbol, sizeof selmon->ltsymbol);
   1516 	if (selmon->sel)
   1517 		arrange(selmon);
   1518 	else
   1519 		drawbar(selmon);
   1520 }
   1521 
   1522 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutely */
   1523 void
   1524 setmfact(const Arg *arg)
   1525 {
   1526 	float f;
   1527 
   1528 	if (!arg || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
   1529 		return;
   1530 	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
   1531 	if (f < 0.05 || f > 0.95)
   1532 		return;
   1533 	selmon->mfact = f;
   1534 	arrange(selmon);
   1535 }
   1536 
   1537 void
   1538 setup(void)
   1539 {
   1540 	int i;
   1541 	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
   1542 	Atom utf8string;
   1543 	struct sigaction sa;
   1544 
   1545 	/* do not transform children into zombies when they terminate */
   1546 	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
   1547 	sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP | SA_NOCLDWAIT | SA_RESTART;
   1548 	sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
   1549 	sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
   1550 
   1551 	/* clean up any zombies (inherited from .xinitrc etc) immediately */
   1552 	while (waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG) > 0);
   1553 
   1554 	/* init screen */
   1555 	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
   1556 	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
   1557 	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
   1558 	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
   1559 	drw = drw_create(dpy, screen, root, sw, sh);
   1560 	if (!drw_fontset_create(drw, fonts, LENGTH(fonts)))
   1561 		die("no fonts could be loaded.");
   1562 	lrpad = drw->fonts->h;
   1563 	bh = drw->fonts->h + 2;
   1564 	updategeom();
   1565 	/* init atoms */
   1566 	utf8string = XInternAtom(dpy, "UTF8_STRING", False);
   1567 	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
   1568 	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
   1569 	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
   1570 	wmatom[WMTakeFocus] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_TAKE_FOCUS", False);
   1571 	netatom[NetActiveWindow] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW", False);
   1572 	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
   1573 	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
   1574 	netatom[NetWMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE", False);
   1575 	netatom[NetWMCheck] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK", False);
   1576 	netatom[NetWMFullscreen] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", False);
   1577 	netatom[NetWMWindowType] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE", False);
   1578 	netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDialog] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG", False);
   1579 	netatom[NetClientList] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_CLIENT_LIST", False);
   1580 	/* init cursors */
   1581 	cursor[CurNormal] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_left_ptr);
   1582 	cursor[CurResize] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_sizing);
   1583 	cursor[CurMove] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_fleur);
   1584 	/* init appearance */
   1585 	scheme = ecalloc(LENGTH(colors), sizeof(Clr *));
   1586 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(colors); i++)
   1587 		scheme[i] = drw_scm_create(drw, colors[i], 3);
   1588 	/* init bars */
   1589 	updatebars();
   1590 	updatestatus();
   1591 	/* supporting window for NetWMCheck */
   1592 	wmcheckwin = XCreateSimpleWindow(dpy, root, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
   1593 	XChangeProperty(dpy, wmcheckwin, netatom[NetWMCheck], XA_WINDOW, 32,
   1594 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) &wmcheckwin, 1);
   1595 	XChangeProperty(dpy, wmcheckwin, netatom[NetWMName], utf8string, 8,
   1596 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) "dwm", 3);
   1597 	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetWMCheck], XA_WINDOW, 32,
   1598 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) &wmcheckwin, 1);
   1599 	/* EWMH support per view */
   1600 	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
   1601 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
   1602 	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList]);
   1603 	/* select events */
   1604 	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal]->cursor;
   1605 	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
   1606 		|ButtonPressMask|PointerMotionMask|EnterWindowMask
   1607 		|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask|PropertyChangeMask;
   1608 	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
   1609 	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
   1610 	grabkeys();
   1611 	focus(NULL);
   1612 }
   1613 
   1614 void
   1615 seturgent(Client *c, int urg)
   1616 {
   1617 	XWMHints *wmh;
   1618 
   1619 	c->isurgent = urg;
   1620 	if (!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
   1621 		return;
   1622 	wmh->flags = urg ? (wmh->flags | XUrgencyHint) : (wmh->flags & ~XUrgencyHint);
   1623 	XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
   1624 	XFree(wmh);
   1625 }
   1626 
   1627 void
   1628 showhide(Client *c)
   1629 {
   1630 	if (!c)
   1631 		return;
   1632 	if (ISVISIBLE(c)) {
   1633 		/* show clients top down */
   1634 		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
   1635 		if ((!c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating) && !c->isfullscreen)
   1636 			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, 0);
   1637 		showhide(c->snext);
   1638 	} else {
   1639 		/* hide clients bottom up */
   1640 		showhide(c->snext);
   1641 		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, WIDTH(c) * -2, c->y);
   1642 	}
   1643 }
   1644 
   1645 void
   1646 spawn(const Arg *arg)
   1647 {
   1648 	struct sigaction sa;
   1649 
   1650 	if (arg->v == dmenucmd)
   1651 		dmenumon[0] = '0' + selmon->num;
   1652 	if (fork() == 0) {
   1653 		if (dpy)
   1654 			close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
   1655 		setsid();
   1656 
   1657 		sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
   1658 		sa.sa_flags = 0;
   1659 		sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
   1660 		sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
   1661 
   1662 		execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
   1663 		die("dwm: execvp '%s' failed:", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
   1664 	}
   1665 }
   1666 
   1667 void
   1668 tag(const Arg *arg)
   1669 {
   1670 	if (selmon->sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
   1671 		selmon->sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
   1672 		focus(NULL);
   1673 		arrange(selmon);
   1674 	}
   1675 }
   1676 
   1677 void
   1678 tagmon(const Arg *arg)
   1679 {
   1680 	if (!selmon->sel || !mons->next)
   1681 		return;
   1682 	sendmon(selmon->sel, dirtomon(arg->i));
   1683 }
   1684 
   1685 void
   1686 tile(Monitor *m)
   1687 {
   1688 	unsigned int i, n, h, mw, my, ty;
   1689 	Client *c;
   1690 
   1691 	for (n = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
   1692 	if (n == 0)
   1693 		return;
   1694 
   1695 	if (n > m->nmaster)
   1696 		mw = m->nmaster ? m->ww * m->mfact : 0;
   1697 	else
   1698 		mw = m->ww;
   1699 	for (i = my = ty = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++)
   1700 		if (i < m->nmaster) {
   1701 			h = (m->wh - my) / (MIN(n, m->nmaster) - i);
   1702 			resize(c, m->wx, m->wy + my, mw - (2*c->bw), h - (2*c->bw), 0);
   1703 			if (my + HEIGHT(c) < m->wh)
   1704 				my += HEIGHT(c);
   1705 		} else {
   1706 			h = (m->wh - ty) / (n - i);
   1707 			resize(c, m->wx + mw, m->wy + ty, m->ww - mw - (2*c->bw), h - (2*c->bw), 0);
   1708 			if (ty + HEIGHT(c) < m->wh)
   1709 				ty += HEIGHT(c);
   1710 		}
   1711 }
   1712 
   1713 void
   1714 togglebar(const Arg *arg)
   1715 {
   1716 	selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
   1717 	updatebarpos(selmon);
   1718 	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, selmon->barwin, selmon->wx, selmon->by, selmon->ww, bh);
   1719 	arrange(selmon);
   1720 }
   1721 
   1722 void
   1723 togglefloating(const Arg *arg)
   1724 {
   1725 	if (!selmon->sel)
   1726 		return;
   1727 	if (selmon->sel->isfullscreen) /* no support for fullscreen windows */
   1728 		return;
   1729 	selmon->sel->isfloating = !selmon->sel->isfloating || selmon->sel->isfixed;
   1730 	if (selmon->sel->isfloating)
   1731 		resize(selmon->sel, selmon->sel->x, selmon->sel->y,
   1732 			selmon->sel->w, selmon->sel->h, 0);
   1733 	arrange(selmon);
   1734 }
   1735 
   1736 void
   1737 toggletag(const Arg *arg)
   1738 {
   1739 	unsigned int newtags;
   1740 
   1741 	if (!selmon->sel)
   1742 		return;
   1743 	newtags = selmon->sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
   1744 	if (newtags) {
   1745 		selmon->sel->tags = newtags;
   1746 		focus(NULL);
   1747 		arrange(selmon);
   1748 	}
   1749 }
   1750 
   1751 void
   1752 toggleview(const Arg *arg)
   1753 {
   1754 	unsigned int newtagset = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
   1755 
   1756 	if (newtagset) {
   1757 		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = newtagset;
   1758 		focus(NULL);
   1759 		arrange(selmon);
   1760 	}
   1761 }
   1762 
   1763 void
   1764 unfocus(Client *c, int setfocus)
   1765 {
   1766 	if (!c)
   1767 		return;
   1768 	grabbuttons(c, 0);
   1769 	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColBorder].pixel);
   1770 	if (setfocus) {
   1771 		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
   1772 		XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
   1773 	}
   1774 }
   1775 
   1776 void
   1777 unmanage(Client *c, int destroyed)
   1778 {
   1779 	Monitor *m = c->mon;
   1780 	XWindowChanges wc;
   1781 
   1782 	detach(c);
   1783 	detachstack(c);
   1784 	if (!destroyed) {
   1785 		wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
   1786 		XGrabServer(dpy); /* avoid race conditions */
   1787 		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
   1788 		XSelectInput(dpy, c->win, NoEventMask);
   1789 		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
   1790 		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
   1791 		setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
   1792 		XSync(dpy, False);
   1793 		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
   1794 		XUngrabServer(dpy);
   1795 	}
   1796 	free(c);
   1797 	focus(NULL);
   1798 	updateclientlist();
   1799 	arrange(m);
   1800 }
   1801 
   1802 void
   1803 unmapnotify(XEvent *e)
   1804 {
   1805 	Client *c;
   1806 	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
   1807 
   1808 	if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
   1809 		if (ev->send_event)
   1810 			setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
   1811 		else
   1812 			unmanage(c, 0);
   1813 	}
   1814 }
   1815 
   1816 void
   1817 updatebars(void)
   1818 {
   1819 	Monitor *m;
   1820 	XSetWindowAttributes wa = {
   1821 		.override_redirect = True,
   1822 		.background_pixmap = ParentRelative,
   1823 		.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask
   1824 	};
   1825 	XClassHint ch = {"dwm", "dwm"};
   1826 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
   1827 		if (m->barwin)
   1828 			continue;
   1829 		m->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
   1830 				CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
   1831 				CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
   1832 		XDefineCursor(dpy, m->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]->cursor);
   1833 		XMapRaised(dpy, m->barwin);
   1834 		XSetClassHint(dpy, m->barwin, &ch);
   1835 	}
   1836 }
   1837 
   1838 void
   1839 updatebarpos(Monitor *m)
   1840 {
   1841 	m->wy = m->my;
   1842 	m->wh = m->mh;
   1843 	if (m->showbar) {
   1844 		m->wh -= bh;
   1845 		m->by = m->topbar ? m->wy : m->wy + m->wh;
   1846 		m->wy = m->topbar ? m->wy + bh : m->wy;
   1847 	} else
   1848 		m->by = -bh;
   1849 }
   1850 
   1851 void
   1852 updateclientlist(void)
   1853 {
   1854 	Client *c;
   1855 	Monitor *m;
   1856 
   1857 	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList]);
   1858 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
   1859 		for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
   1860 			XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList],
   1861 				XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeAppend,
   1862 				(unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
   1863 }
   1864 
   1865 int
   1866 updategeom(void)
   1867 {
   1868 	int dirty = 0;
   1869 
   1870 #ifdef XINERAMA
   1871 	if (XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
   1872 		int i, j, n, nn;
   1873 		Client *c;
   1874 		Monitor *m;
   1875 		XineramaScreenInfo *info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &nn);
   1876 		XineramaScreenInfo *unique = NULL;
   1877 
   1878 		for (n = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, n++);
   1879 		/* only consider unique geometries as separate screens */
   1880 		unique = ecalloc(nn, sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
   1881 		for (i = 0, j = 0; i < nn; i++)
   1882 			if (isuniquegeom(unique, j, &info[i]))
   1883 				memcpy(&unique[j++], &info[i], sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
   1884 		XFree(info);
   1885 		nn = j;
   1886 
   1887 		/* new monitors if nn > n */
   1888 		for (i = n; i < nn; i++) {
   1889 			for (m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
   1890 			if (m)
   1891 				m->next = createmon();
   1892 			else
   1893 				mons = createmon();
   1894 		}
   1895 		for (i = 0, m = mons; i < nn && m; m = m->next, i++)
   1896 			if (i >= n
   1897 			|| unique[i].x_org != m->mx || unique[i].y_org != m->my
   1898 			|| unique[i].width != m->mw || unique[i].height != m->mh)
   1899 			{
   1900 				dirty = 1;
   1901 				m->num = i;
   1902 				m->mx = m->wx = unique[i].x_org;
   1903 				m->my = m->wy = unique[i].y_org;
   1904 				m->mw = m->ww = unique[i].width;
   1905 				m->mh = m->wh = unique[i].height;
   1906 				updatebarpos(m);
   1907 			}
   1908 		/* removed monitors if n > nn */
   1909 		for (i = nn; i < n; i++) {
   1910 			for (m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
   1911 			while ((c = m->clients)) {
   1912 				dirty = 1;
   1913 				m->clients = c->next;
   1914 				detachstack(c);
   1915 				c->mon = mons;
   1916 				attach(c);
   1917 				attachstack(c);
   1918 			}
   1919 			if (m == selmon)
   1920 				selmon = mons;
   1921 			cleanupmon(m);
   1922 		}
   1923 		free(unique);
   1924 	} else
   1925 #endif /* XINERAMA */
   1926 	{ /* default monitor setup */
   1927 		if (!mons)
   1928 			mons = createmon();
   1929 		if (mons->mw != sw || mons->mh != sh) {
   1930 			dirty = 1;
   1931 			mons->mw = mons->ww = sw;
   1932 			mons->mh = mons->wh = sh;
   1933 			updatebarpos(mons);
   1934 		}
   1935 	}
   1936 	if (dirty) {
   1937 		selmon = mons;
   1938 		selmon = wintomon(root);
   1939 	}
   1940 	return dirty;
   1941 }
   1942 
   1943 void
   1944 updatenumlockmask(void)
   1945 {
   1946 	unsigned int i, j;
   1947 	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
   1948 
   1949 	numlockmask = 0;
   1950 	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
   1951 	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
   1952 		for (j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
   1953 			if (modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
   1954 				== XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
   1955 				numlockmask = (1 << i);
   1956 	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
   1957 }
   1958 
   1959 void
   1960 updatesizehints(Client *c)
   1961 {
   1962 	long msize;
   1963 	XSizeHints size;
   1964 
   1965 	if (!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
   1966 		/* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
   1967 		size.flags = PSize;
   1968 	if (size.flags & PBaseSize) {
   1969 		c->basew = size.base_width;
   1970 		c->baseh = size.base_height;
   1971 	} else if (size.flags & PMinSize) {
   1972 		c->basew = size.min_width;
   1973 		c->baseh = size.min_height;
   1974 	} else
   1975 		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
   1976 	if (size.flags & PResizeInc) {
   1977 		c->incw = size.width_inc;
   1978 		c->inch = size.height_inc;
   1979 	} else
   1980 		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
   1981 	if (size.flags & PMaxSize) {
   1982 		c->maxw = size.max_width;
   1983 		c->maxh = size.max_height;
   1984 	} else
   1985 		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
   1986 	if (size.flags & PMinSize) {
   1987 		c->minw = size.min_width;
   1988 		c->minh = size.min_height;
   1989 	} else if (size.flags & PBaseSize) {
   1990 		c->minw = size.base_width;
   1991 		c->minh = size.base_height;
   1992 	} else
   1993 		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
   1994 	if (size.flags & PAspect) {
   1995 		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / size.min_aspect.x;
   1996 		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / size.max_aspect.y;
   1997 	} else
   1998 		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
   1999 	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->maxh && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
   2000 	c->hintsvalid = 1;
   2001 }
   2002 
   2003 void
   2004 updatestatus(void)
   2005 {
   2006 	if (!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
   2007 		strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
   2008 	drawbar(selmon);
   2009 }
   2010 
   2011 void
   2012 updatetitle(Client *c)
   2013 {
   2014 	if (!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
   2015 		gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
   2016 	if (c->name[0] == '\0') /* hack to mark broken clients */
   2017 		strcpy(c->name, broken);
   2018 }
   2019 
   2020 void
   2021 updatewindowtype(Client *c)
   2022 {
   2023 	Atom state = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMState]);
   2024 	Atom wtype = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMWindowType]);
   2025 
   2026 	if (state == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
   2027 		setfullscreen(c, 1);
   2028 	if (wtype == netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDialog])
   2029 		c->isfloating = 1;
   2030 }
   2031 
   2032 void
   2033 updatewmhints(Client *c)
   2034 {
   2035 	XWMHints *wmh;
   2036 
   2037 	if ((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
   2038 		if (c == selmon->sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
   2039 			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
   2040 			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
   2041 		} else
   2042 			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? 1 : 0;
   2043 		if (wmh->flags & InputHint)
   2044 			c->neverfocus = !wmh->input;
   2045 		else
   2046 			c->neverfocus = 0;
   2047 		XFree(wmh);
   2048 	}
   2049 }
   2050 
   2051 void
   2052 view(const Arg *arg)
   2053 {
   2054 	if ((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
   2055 		return;
   2056 	selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
   2057 	if (arg->ui & TAGMASK)
   2058 		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
   2059 	focus(NULL);
   2060 	arrange(selmon);
   2061 }
   2062 
   2063 Client *
   2064 wintoclient(Window w)
   2065 {
   2066 	Client *c;
   2067 	Monitor *m;
   2068 
   2069 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
   2070 		for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
   2071 			if (c->win == w)
   2072 				return c;
   2073 	return NULL;
   2074 }
   2075 
   2076 Monitor *
   2077 wintomon(Window w)
   2078 {
   2079 	int x, y;
   2080 	Client *c;
   2081 	Monitor *m;
   2082 
   2083 	if (w == root && getrootptr(&x, &y))
   2084 		return recttomon(x, y, 1, 1);
   2085 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
   2086 		if (w == m->barwin)
   2087 			return m;
   2088 	if ((c = wintoclient(w)))
   2089 		return c->mon;
   2090 	return selmon;
   2091 }
   2092 
   2093 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
   2094  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's). Other types of errors call Xlibs
   2095  * default error handler, which may call exit. */
   2096 int
   2097 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
   2098 {
   2099 	if (ee->error_code == BadWindow
   2100 	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
   2101 	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
   2102 	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
   2103 	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
   2104 	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
   2105 	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
   2106 	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
   2107 	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
   2108 		return 0;
   2109 	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
   2110 		ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
   2111 	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
   2112 }
   2113 
   2114 int
   2115 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
   2116 {
   2117 	return 0;
   2118 }
   2119 
   2120 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
   2121  * is already running. */
   2122 int
   2123 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
   2124 {
   2125 	die("dwm: another window manager is already running");
   2126 	return -1;
   2127 }
   2128 
   2129 void
   2130 zoom(const Arg *arg)
   2131 {
   2132 	Client *c = selmon->sel;
   2133 
   2134 	if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || !c || c->isfloating)
   2135 		return;
   2136 	if (c == nexttiled(selmon->clients) && !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
   2137 		return;
   2138 	pop(c);
   2139 }
   2140 
   2141 int
   2142 main(int argc, char *argv[])
   2143 {
   2144 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
   2145 		die("dwm-"VERSION);
   2146 	else if (argc != 1)
   2147 		die("usage: dwm [-v]");
   2148 	if (!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
   2149 		fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
   2150 	if (!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
   2151 		die("dwm: cannot open display");
   2152 	checkotherwm();
   2153 	setup();
   2154 #ifdef __OpenBSD__
   2155 	if (pledge("stdio rpath proc exec", NULL) == -1)
   2156 		die("pledge");
   2157 #endif /* __OpenBSD__ */
   2158 	scan();
   2159 	run();
   2160 	cleanup();
   2161 	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
   2162 	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
   2163 }
	dwm dynamic window manager
	git clone git://git.suckless.org/dwm
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